Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language.

JRuby is an implementation of the Ruby programming language atop the Java Virtual Machine, written largely in Java. It is free software released under a three…

Apache Groovy is a powerful, optionally typed and dynamic language, with static-typing and static compilation capabilities, for the Java platform.

Kotlin is a statically-typed programming language that runs on the Java virtual machine.