GNU Octave is a programming language for scientific computing. Developed by The Octave Project
License: Open Source
GNU Octave is an open-source alternative to MATLAB, focused on numerical analysis and educational use, while Mathematica is a powerful commercial tool with advanced symbolic computation, graphics, and a user-friendly interface. Octave is suitable for budget-conscious users and educational environments, whereas Mathematica excels in complex mathematical analysis and professional applications.