Erlang is a programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Developed by Ericsson
License: Open Source
Erlang excels in building highly concurrent and fault-tolerant systems, making it ideal for telecom and real-time applications. Scala, on the other hand, offers a combination of functional and object-oriented programming with strong static typing, making it well-suited for data processing and distributed systems.